(1)使(shi)用合理的(de)夾(jia)緊方(fang)法和固定裝置
目的均(jun)(jun)勻加(jia)熱和冷卻工件(jian)(jian)以(yi)減少不均(jun)(jun)勻的熱應力和不均(jun)(jun)勻的組織(zhi)應力以(yi)減少變形。夾緊(jin)方法可(ke)以(yi)改變。圓盤部件(jian)(jian)垂直于油(you)面(mian),軸部件(jian)(jian)垂直安裝。使用(yong)補償墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)和支(zhi)撐墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)。 ,花鍵孔部件(jian)(jian)可(ke)使用(yong)滲(shen)碳芯軸,疊(die)加(jia)墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)等(deng)。
(2)加工
當熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一(yi)步時(shi),熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)允(yun)許值應滿足(zu)圖(tu)紙上指(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)寸,變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應根據(ju)前一(yi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確定。因(yin)此,根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing),應在(zai)熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)之前進行尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)預校正,以使熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)合格(ge)范圍內。當熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)是中間過(guo)(guo)程時(shi),應將熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總和(he)(he)。通(tong)常(chang),加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)容易確定,并且由于許多影響(xiang)因(yin)素而使熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)復(fu)雜,因(yin)此留有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)工(gong)(gong),其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可以用(yong)作熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)容許變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)后,根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規律,采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)收縮端預擴(kuo)孔,以提高淬火后的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合格(ge)率(lv)。
(3)使用適(shi)當的媒體
鋼熱處理廠家在確保(bao)相同的(de)硬度要求的(de)前提下(xia),嘗試使用(yong)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證(zheng)明,在沒有其他條(tiao)件的(de)前提下(xia),油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)速度較(jiao)慢,而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)速度則相對較(jiao)快。而且(qie),與(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相比(bi)(bi),水(shui)溫變化對水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)影響更大。在相同的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下(xia),與(yu)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相比(bi)(bi),淬火后油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)變形量相對較(jiao)小。
鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以(yi)改善工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的機械性能,并提(ti)高工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的強(qiang)度和硬度,但不可(ke)避(bi)免地產(chan)生(sheng)變形(xing)效果。現(xian)階(jie)段(duan),我(wo)們必須重視中(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理技術和設備的改進,不斷學習國外先(xian)進技術,提(ti)高熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的質量和合格率,為中(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理行業做出貢獻。