（1）使用合理的夾緊方法和固定裝置

目的(de)均(jun)勻加(jia)熱和冷卻工(gong)件以(yi)減少(shao)(shao)不(bu)均(jun)勻的(de)熱應(ying)力和不(bu)均(jun)勻的(de)組織應(ying)力以(yi)減少(shao)(shao)變形。夾緊方法可(ke)以(yi)改變。圓盤部(bu)件垂直于油(you)面(mian)，軸部(bu)件垂直安裝。使用補償墊(dian)(dian)圈和支撐墊(dian)(dian)圈。 ，花鍵孔部(bu)件可(ke)使用滲碳芯軸，疊加(jia)墊(dian)(dian)圈等。

（2）加工

當熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)一步時，熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)允許(xu)值應滿足圖(tu)紙(zhi)上指定的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應根據(ju)前一加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)確定。因(yin)此(ci)，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，應在(zai)(zai)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)之前進行尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)校正(zheng)，以(yi)使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在(zai)(zai)合格(ge)范圍內(nei)。當熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是中間過程(cheng)時，應將熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)前的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)和(he)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)總和(he)。通常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)容易確定，并(bing)且由于許(xu)多(duo)影響因(yin)素而使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)復雜(za)，因(yin)此(ci)留有足夠的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)用于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用作(zuo)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律，采用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)收縮端(duan)預(yu)擴(kuo)孔，以(yi)提高淬火(huo)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格(ge)率(lv)。

（3）使用適當(dang)的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)硬度(du)(du)要求的(de)前提下(xia)，嘗試使(shi)用油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在沒有其他條(tiao)件的(de)前提下(xia)，油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)冷卻速度(du)(du)較(jiao)(jiao)慢，而水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)冷卻速度(du)(du)則(ze)相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)快(kuai)。而且，與(yu)油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi)，水溫變化對水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)冷卻特性(xing)影響更(geng)大(da)。在相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下(xia)，與(yu)水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi)，淬火后油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)變形量相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改善工件的(de)機械性(xing)能，并提高工件的(de)強度(du)和硬度(du)，但不(bu)可(ke)避免地產生變形效果。現(xian)階段，我(wo)們(men)必須重視(shi)中國熱處(chu)理(li)技術(shu)(shu)和設備的(de)改進，不(bu)斷學習國外先進技術(shu)(shu)，提高熱處(chu)理(li)工件的(de)質量和合(he)格率(lv)，為中國熱處(chu)理(li)行業做出貢獻。