(1)使用合理的夾(jia)緊(jin)方(fang)法和固定裝置
目的(de)均(jun)勻加(jia)熱(re)和(he)冷卻工件以(yi)減少不均(jun)勻的(de)熱(re)應(ying)力和(he)不均(jun)勻的(de)組織應(ying)力以(yi)減少變形。夾緊方(fang)法可以(yi)改變。圓(yuan)盤部件垂(chui)直于(yu)油面(mian),軸(zhou)部件垂(chui)直安裝。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)補(bu)償墊圈和(he)支撐墊圈。 ,花鍵(jian)孔(kong)部件可使(shi)(shi)用(yong)滲(shen)碳芯軸(zhou),疊加(jia)墊圈等。
(2)加工
當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理是工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)(hou)一步時,熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)允許(xu)值應(ying)(ying)滿足圖紙上指定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun),變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)應(ying)(ying)根據前一加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)確定(ding)。因(yin)此,根據工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing),應(ying)(ying)在熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理之前進行尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預校正,以(yi)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在合格范圍內。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理是中間(jian)過程時,應(ying)(ying)將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)和熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和。通常,加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)容易確定(ding),并且由于許(xu)多影(ying)響因(yin)素而使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理更(geng)加(jia)復雜,因(yin)此留有足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)用于加(jia)工(gong)(gong),其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用作熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou),根據工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規律,采(cai)用抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和收縮端預擴孔,以(yi)提高淬火后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合格率。
(3)使用(yong)適當的(de)媒體
鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同的硬度要求的前提(ti)下,嘗試使用油性介質(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證(zheng)明(ming),在沒有其他條件的前提(ti)下,油性介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷卻(que)速度較(jiao)慢,而水(shui)性介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷卻(que)速度則相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)快(kuai)。而且,與油性介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比,水(shui)溫變(bian)(bian)化對水(shui)性介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷卻(que)特性影響更(geng)大。在相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同的熱處理條件下,與水(shui)性介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比,淬火后油性介質(zhi)(zhi)的變(bian)(bian)形量(liang)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)小(xiao)。
鋼熱處理廠家可以改善工(gong)件的(de)機械性(xing)能,并提(ti)(ti)高(gao)工(gong)件的(de)強度和(he)(he)硬度,但不可避免地產生變形效果。現階(jie)段,我們(men)必須(xu)重視中國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)(li)技(ji)術和(he)(he)設備(bei)的(de)改進,不斷學習國(guo)外先進技(ji)術,提(ti)(ti)高(gao)熱處(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)件的(de)質量和(he)(he)合格率,為(wei)中國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)(li)行(xing)業做(zuo)出貢獻(xian)。