（1）使用合理的夾緊方法(fa)和(he)固(gu)定裝置(zhi)

目的(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)加熱和冷卻工件(jian)(jian)以減(jian)少不均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)的(de)熱應(ying)力(li)和不均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)的(de)組織(zhi)應(ying)力(li)以減(jian)少變形。夾(jia)緊方(fang)法可以改(gai)變。圓盤(pan)部件(jian)(jian)垂直于油面，軸(zhou)部件(jian)(jian)垂直安裝。使(shi)用補(bu)償墊(dian)圈(quan)和支撐(cheng)墊(dian)圈(quan)。 ，花鍵(jian)孔部件(jian)(jian)可使(shi)用滲碳芯軸(zhou)，疊加墊(dian)圈(quan)等(deng)。

（2）加工

當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)的最后(hou)一步時，熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的允許(xu)值(zhi)應(ying)滿足圖紙上(shang)指定的工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量應(ying)根據(ju)前一加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的尺(chi)寸(cun)確定。因此(ci)，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)，應(ying)在熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前進行尺(chi)寸(cun)的預校正，以(yi)(yi)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)在合格范(fan)圍(wei)內。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是中間過(guo)程(cheng)時，應(ying)將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量和熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的總和。通常(chang)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量容易確定，并且由(you)于許(xu)多影(ying)響因素而使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更(geng)加(jia)復雜，因此(ci)留(liu)有足夠的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量用于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，其(qi)余(yu)(yu)的可以(yi)(yi)用作(zuo)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)規律，采用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)和收縮端預擴(kuo)孔，以(yi)(yi)提(ti)高淬(cui)火后(hou)的變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)合格率。

（3）使(shi)用適當的(de)媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在確(que)保相同(tong)的(de)硬度(du)要求(qiu)的(de)前提(ti)下，嘗試(shi)使(shi)用油(you)性介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)。實驗和實踐證明，在沒有(you)其(qi)他條(tiao)件的(de)前提(ti)下，油(you)性介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)度(du)較慢，而水(shui)性介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)度(du)則相對(dui)較快。而且(qie)，與油(you)性介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相比，水(shui)溫變化對(dui)水(shui)性介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻特性影響更大。在相同(tong)的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下，與水(shui)性介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相比，淬(cui)火后油(you)性介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)變形量相對(dui)較小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)善工件(jian)(jian)的(de)機(ji)械性能，并提高(gao)工件(jian)(jian)的(de)強度和(he)硬(ying)度，但不(bu)(bu)可避免地(di)產生(sheng)變形(xing)效果。現階段(duan)，我們必須重視中國(guo)熱處理技術和(he)設備的(de)改(gai)進(jin)，不(bu)(bu)斷學習國(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進(jin)技術，提高(gao)熱處理工件(jian)(jian)的(de)質量和(he)合格率，為(wei)中國(guo)熱處理行業(ye)做(zuo)出貢獻(xian)。