（1）使(shi)用(yong)合理(li)的夾緊方(fang)法和固定裝(zhuang)置(zhi)

目(mu)的均勻(yun)加熱(re)和(he)冷卻(que)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)以減(jian)(jian)少不均勻(yun)的熱(re)應力(li)(li)和(he)不均勻(yun)的組(zu)織應力(li)(li)以減(jian)(jian)少變形。夾緊方法可(ke)以改變。圓盤部(bu)件(jian)(jian)垂直于油面，軸部(bu)件(jian)(jian)垂直安(an)裝。使用(yong)(yong)補償墊(dian)圈(quan)和(he)支撐墊(dian)圈(quan)。 ，花鍵孔部(bu)件(jian)(jian)可(ke)使用(yong)(yong)滲碳芯軸，疊加墊(dian)圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當(dang)(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)(hou)一步時(shi)，熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)允(yun)許值應滿足圖紙上指定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)尺寸(cun)，變(bian)形(xing)變(bian)量(liang)應根據(ju)前一加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺寸(cun)確(que)定(ding)(ding)。因此，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)，應在熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)前進行尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)預校(xiao)正，以(yi)使熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)在合格(ge)(ge)范圍內。當(dang)(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是中間過程(cheng)時(shi)，應將熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)前的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)和熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)總(zong)和。通(tong)常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)容易(yi)確(que)定(ding)(ding)，并且由于許多(duo)影(ying)響因素而使熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)復雜，因此留有足夠的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)用于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其(qi)余的(de)(de)可以(yi)用作熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)容許變(bian)形(xing)變(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)規律(lv)，采用抗變(bian)形(xing)和收縮端預擴孔，以(yi)提高淬火后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)合格(ge)(ge)率。

（3）使用適當的媒(mei)體

鋼熱處理廠家在確(que)保相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)硬度要求的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下，嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在沒有其他條件的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下，油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質的(de)(de)(de)冷卻(que)速(su)度較慢，而(er)(er)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質的(de)(de)(de)冷卻(que)速(su)度則相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較快(kuai)。而(er)(er)且(qie)，與(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，水溫變化對水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質的(de)(de)(de)冷卻(que)特(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)影(ying)響(xiang)更大。在相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)熱處理(li)條件下，與(yu)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，淬火(huo)后(hou)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質的(de)(de)(de)變形(xing)量相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較小。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以(yi)改(gai)善工件(jian)(jian)的(de)機械性能(neng)，并(bing)提高(gao)工件(jian)(jian)的(de)強度(du)和(he)硬度(du)，但不可(ke)避(bi)免地(di)產(chan)生(sheng)變形效果(guo)。現階段，我們必須重視(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)技(ji)術和(he)設(she)備的(de)改(gai)進，不斷學習國(guo)外先進技(ji)術，提高(gao)熱處(chu)理(li)工件(jian)(jian)的(de)質量和(he)合格率(lv)，為中(zhong)國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)行(xing)業做出貢獻。