（1）使(shi)用合理的夾緊方法和(he)固定(ding)裝置

目(mu)的均(jun)(jun)勻加熱和(he)冷卻工件(jian)以減少(shao)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻的熱應(ying)力和(he)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻的組(zu)織應(ying)力以減少(shao)變形。夾(jia)緊方(fang)法(fa)可以改變。圓盤部件(jian)垂直于(yu)油面，軸(zhou)部件(jian)垂直安裝。使用(yong)補償(chang)墊圈(quan)和(he)支撐墊圈(quan)。 ，花鍵(jian)孔部件(jian)可使用(yong)滲(shen)碳芯軸(zhou)，疊加墊圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當(dang)(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)最(zui)后(hou)一步時(shi)，熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形的(de)允(yun)許值應(ying)(ying)滿(man)足圖(tu)紙(zhi)上指定(ding)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺寸，變(bian)(bian)形變(bian)(bian)量應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據前(qian)一加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)尺寸確定(ding)。因(yin)此，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)變(bian)(bian)形，應(ying)(ying)在熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前(qian)進行(xing)尺寸的(de)預(yu)校正，以(yi)使(shi)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形在合格(ge)范圍內。當(dang)(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)中間過程時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)將(jiang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量視為加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量和(he)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形的(de)總和(he)。通(tong)常，加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量容(rong)易確定(ding)，并且由(you)于(yu)許多影響因(yin)素而使(shi)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)復雜，因(yin)此留有足夠的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量用(yong)于(yu)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)的(de)可以(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容(rong)許變(bian)(bian)形變(bian)(bian)量。熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)變(bian)(bian)形規(gui)律，采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形和(he)收縮端預(yu)擴孔，以(yi)提高淬火后(hou)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形合格(ge)率(lv)。

（3）使用適當(dang)的(de)媒(mei)體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保(bao)相同的硬度要(yao)求(qiu)的前提(ti)下(xia)，嘗試使(shi)用(yong)油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。實驗(yan)和實踐(jian)證明，在沒(mei)有(you)其他(ta)條件的前提(ti)下(xia)，油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻速度較慢，而(er)(er)水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻速度則相對(dui)較快。而(er)(er)且，與(yu)油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相比，水溫變化對(dui)水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻特性(xing)影響更大。在相同的熱處理(li)條件下(xia)，與(yu)水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相比，淬火后油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的變形量相對(dui)較小。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改(gai)善工件(jian)的機械性(xing)能(neng)，并(bing)提高工件(jian)的強度(du)和硬(ying)度(du)，但不可(ke)避免地產(chan)生變形(xing)效果。現階段，我們(men)必須(xu)重視中國熱處(chu)理技(ji)術(shu)和設備的改(gai)進，不斷學習國外(wai)先進技(ji)術(shu)，提高熱處(chu)理工件(jian)的質量和合(he)格率，為中國熱處(chu)理行業(ye)做出貢(gong)獻(xian)。