（1）使(shi)用合(he)理的夾緊方法和固定裝置(zhi)

目的均(jun)勻加熱和冷(leng)卻工件以減少不(bu)均(jun)勻的熱應力和不(bu)均(jun)勻的組織應力以減少變形。夾緊方法可以改變。圓盤部件垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)于油(you)面，軸部件垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)安裝。使用(yong)補償(chang)墊(dian)圈(quan)和支(zhi)撐墊(dian)圈(quan)。 ，花鍵(jian)孔部件可使用(yong)滲(shen)碳芯(xin)軸，疊加墊(dian)圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)最后一(yi)步(bu)時，熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)允許值應(ying)滿足圖紙上指定的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)寸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應(ying)根據(ju)前(qian)一(yi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確定。因此，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，應(ying)在(zai)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前(qian)進行尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)預校正，以(yi)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在(zai)合格(ge)范圍內(nei)。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是中(zhong)間過(guo)(guo)程時，應(ying)將(jiang)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)和熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)容易確定，并(bing)且由于許多影響因素而使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更(geng)加(jia)復(fu)雜(za)，因此留有足夠的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)用(yong)(yong)于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)(yong)作(zuo)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容許變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)后，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律，采用(yong)(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和收(shou)縮端預擴孔，以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格(ge)率。

（3）使用適當的媒(mei)體(ti)

鋼熱處理廠家在確(que)保相(xiang)同的(de)硬度(du)(du)要求的(de)前提下(xia)，嘗試使(shi)用油性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在沒有其(qi)他條件(jian)的(de)前提下(xia)，油性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)速(su)度(du)(du)較(jiao)慢，而(er)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)速(su)度(du)(du)則相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)快。而(er)且，與油性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)相(xiang)比，水(shui)溫變(bian)(bian)化對(dui)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)影響更(geng)大。在相(xiang)同的(de)熱處(chu)理條件(jian)下(xia)，與水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)相(xiang)比，淬火后油性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形量相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)(gai)善工件的(de)(de)機械性能(neng)，并提高工件的(de)(de)強度和(he)硬度，但不可避免(mian)地產生變形效(xiao)果。現階段，我(wo)們必須(xu)重視中國熱(re)處理(li)技術(shu)和(he)設備的(de)(de)改(gai)(gai)進(jin)，不斷學習(xi)國外先進(jin)技術(shu)，提高熱(re)處理(li)工件的(de)(de)質(zhi)量和(he)合格率，為中國熱(re)處理(li)行業做出貢獻。