（1）使用合理(li)的夾(jia)緊方(fang)法(fa)和(he)固定裝(zhuang)置

目的(de)(de)均(jun)勻(yun)加熱(re)(re)和冷(leng)卻(que)工件以減少(shao)不均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)應力和不均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)(de)組(zu)織應力以減少(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法可以改變(bian)。圓盤部(bu)件垂直(zhi)于(yu)油面，軸部(bu)件垂直(zhi)安(an)裝。使(shi)用補(bu)償墊(dian)(dian)圈和支撐(cheng)墊(dian)(dian)圈。 ，花鍵孔(kong)部(bu)件可使(shi)用滲(shen)碳芯軸，疊加墊(dian)(dian)圈等。

（2）加工

當(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)最后(hou)一(yi)步時(shi)，熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許值(zhi)應滿足圖紙上指定的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應根據前一(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺寸(cun)確定。因此(ci)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應在熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)之前進行尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)預校正，以(yi)使熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在合(he)格范圍(wei)內。當(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是中間過程時(shi)，應將熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)前的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)視為加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)和(he)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和(he)。通常，加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)容(rong)易確定，并且由(you)于許多(duo)影響因素(su)而使熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)復雜，因此(ci)留有足夠的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余的(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)容(rong)許變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)律(lv)，采用(yong)抗(kang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)收縮(suo)端預擴(kuo)孔，以(yi)提高淬火后(hou)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)格率。

（3）使用(yong)適當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)硬度要求的(de)(de)(de)前提下，嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在(zai)沒有其他條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)前提下，油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷卻速(su)度較(jiao)慢，而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷卻速(su)度則相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)快。而且，與(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比，水(shui)溫變化對(dui)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷卻特性(xing)(xing)影響更大。在(zai)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)條件(jian)下，與(yu)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比，淬火后油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)變形量相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)(gai)善工件(jian)(jian)的(de)機械性(xing)能，并提(ti)高工件(jian)(jian)的(de)強度(du)和(he)(he)(he)硬度(du)，但(dan)不可避免地產(chan)生變形效果。現階段(duan)，我們必須重視(shi)中國(guo)熱(re)處理技術(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)(he)設備的(de)改(gai)(gai)進，不斷學習國(guo)外先進技術(shu)(shu)，提(ti)高熱(re)處理工件(jian)(jian)的(de)質(zhi)量和(he)(he)(he)合格率，為中國(guo)熱(re)處理行業(ye)做出(chu)貢獻。