(1)使用合理(li)的(de)夾(jia)緊方法和固定裝置
目的(de)均勻加(jia)熱(re)和冷卻工件(jian)以(yi)減(jian)少不均勻的(de)熱(re)應(ying)力和不均勻的(de)組織(zhi)應(ying)力以(yi)減(jian)少變形。夾緊方法(fa)可(ke)以(yi)改變。圓盤部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直(zhi)于油面,軸部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直(zhi)安(an)裝。使(shi)用(yong)補償墊圈和支(zhi)撐(cheng)墊圈。 ,花(hua)鍵孔部(bu)件(jian)可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)滲碳芯軸,疊加(jia)墊圈等。
(2)加工
當(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)最后一(yi)步時(shi),熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)允(yun)許(xu)值應(ying)滿(man)足(zu)圖紙上指定的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸,變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量應(ying)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)前一(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸確定。因(yin)此,根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing),應(ying)在熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)前進(jin)行尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸的(de)(de)預校正,以(yi)使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)在合格(ge)范圍內。當(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)中(zhong)間過程(cheng)時(shi),應(ying)將熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)前的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量視為加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量和(he)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)總和(he)。通常,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量容易確定,并且由于許(xu)多影(ying)響因(yin)素而使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)雜,因(yin)此留有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量用于加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),其余(yu)的(de)(de)可以(yi)用作熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)后的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后,根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)規律,采用抗(kang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)和(he)收縮端預擴(kuo)孔(kong),以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)合格(ge)率。
(3)使用適當的媒體
鋼熱處理廠家在確(que)保相(xiang)同的(de)(de)硬度要求的(de)(de)前(qian)提下(xia),嘗試使用油性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明,在沒有(you)其他條件的(de)(de)前(qian)提下(xia),油性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻速度較(jiao)(jiao)慢,而(er)水性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻速度則相(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)快(kuai)。而(er)且,與油性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比,水溫變化(hua)對水性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻特性(xing)影響(xiang)更大。在相(xiang)同的(de)(de)熱處理條件下(xia),與水性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比,淬(cui)火后(hou)油性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)變形量相(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改善工件的機(ji)械性(xing)能,并提(ti)高工件的強度和(he)硬度,但不(bu)可避免(mian)地產生變(bian)形效果。現階段,我們必須重視中國熱(re)(re)處(chu)理技(ji)術(shu)(shu)和(he)設備的改進,不(bu)斷學習國外(wai)先進技(ji)術(shu)(shu),提(ti)高熱(re)(re)處(chu)理工件的質量(liang)和(he)合格率(lv),為中國熱(re)(re)處(chu)理行業做出(chu)貢(gong)獻。