（1）使用合理的夾緊方(fang)法和固定裝置

目的(de)均勻(yun)加熱(re)(re)和冷卻工(gong)件以(yi)減(jian)少不均勻(yun)的(de)熱(re)(re)應(ying)(ying)力和不均勻(yun)的(de)組(zu)織應(ying)(ying)力以(yi)減(jian)少變形。夾緊方法(fa)可以(yi)改(gai)變。圓(yuan)盤部(bu)(bu)件垂直于(yu)油面，軸(zhou)部(bu)(bu)件垂直安裝。使(shi)用(yong)補償(chang)墊(dian)(dian)圈和支撐墊(dian)(dian)圈。 ，花鍵孔部(bu)(bu)件可使(shi)用(yong)滲碳芯軸(zhou)，疊加墊(dian)(dian)圈等。

（2）加工

當熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)一步時(shi)，熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)允(yun)許值(zhi)應滿(man)足圖紙上指定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應根(gen)據前一加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)確定(ding)。因此(ci)，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，應在(zai)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)之前進行尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)預校正，以使熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在(zai)合(he)格范圍內。當熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是中間過程(cheng)時(shi)，應將熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)前的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)視(shi)為加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)和熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)容易確定(ding)，并(bing)且(qie)由于(yu)許多(duo)影響因素而使熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)復雜，因此(ci)留(liu)有(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)用(yong)于(yu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)可以用(yong)作熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)容許變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律，采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和收(shou)縮(suo)端預擴孔(kong)，以提高淬火后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合(he)格率。

（3）使用適當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬度(du)(du)(du)要(yao)求的(de)前提下(xia)，嘗試使(shi)用油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)。實驗和(he)實踐證(zheng)明，在(zai)沒有(you)其他條件的(de)前提下(xia)，油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷卻速(su)度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)慢，而(er)(er)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷卻速(su)度(du)(du)(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)快。而(er)(er)且，與(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比，水(shui)溫變(bian)化對(dui)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷卻特性(xing)(xing)影響更大。在(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條件下(xia)，與(yu)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比，淬火(huo)后油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)變(bian)形量相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)善工件的機械性能，并提(ti)(ti)高工件的強度和(he)硬度，但不(bu)可避免地產生變形效果。現(xian)階段，我們(men)必(bi)須重視中國熱(re)處理技術(shu)和(he)設(she)備(bei)的改(gai)進，不(bu)斷(duan)學習國外(wai)先(xian)進技術(shu)，提(ti)(ti)高熱(re)處理工件的質量(liang)和(he)合格率，為(wei)中國熱(re)處理行業做出貢獻(xian)。