（1）使用合理(li)的夾緊方法和(he)固定裝置

目的均勻(yun)加(jia)熱和冷卻工(gong)件以減少不均勻(yun)的熱應力和不均勻(yun)的組織應力以減少變形。夾緊(jin)方(fang)法可以改變。圓盤部(bu)件垂直(zhi)于油面，軸部(bu)件垂直(zhi)安(an)裝。使用(yong)補(bu)償墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)和支撐墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)。 ，花鍵(jian)孔部(bu)件可使用(yong)滲碳芯軸，疊加(jia)墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)一步時，熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許(xu)(xu)(xu)值(zhi)應滿(man)足圖紙上指(zhi)定(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)寸，變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應根(gen)據(ju)前一加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確(que)定(ding)。因(yin)(yin)此，根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，應在熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理之(zhi)前進行尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)預校正(zheng)，以使(shi)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在合(he)格(ge)范圍內。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理是中間過程時，應將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理前的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)視為加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)和(he)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和(he)。通常，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)容易確(que)定(ding)，并且由于許(xu)(xu)(xu)多影(ying)響因(yin)(yin)素(su)而(er)使(shi)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理更加復雜(za)，因(yin)(yin)此留有(you)足夠的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)(yong)于加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其(qi)余(yu)的(de)(de)可以用(yong)(yong)作熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理容許(xu)(xu)(xu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)，根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)規律，采用(yong)(yong)抗(kang)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)收縮(suo)端預擴孔，以提高淬(cui)火(huo)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)格(ge)率。

（3）使用適當的媒體(ti)

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相同的(de)(de)硬度要求的(de)(de)前(qian)提下(xia)，嘗試(shi)使用油(you)(you)性(xing)介(jie)質。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在沒有(you)其他條件的(de)(de)前(qian)提下(xia)，油(you)(you)性(xing)介(jie)質的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速度較(jiao)慢，而水(shui)(shui)性(xing)介(jie)質的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速度則相對(dui)較(jiao)快。而且(qie)，與油(you)(you)性(xing)介(jie)質相比(bi)，水(shui)(shui)溫變化對(dui)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)介(jie)質的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)特性(xing)影響更大。在相同的(de)(de)熱(re)處理條件下(xia)，與水(shui)(shui)性(xing)介(jie)質相比(bi)，淬火后油(you)(you)性(xing)介(jie)質的(de)(de)變形量相對(dui)較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改(gai)善工件的(de)機械(xie)性(xing)能，并提(ti)高工件的(de)強度和(he)(he)硬度，但不(bu)可避免地(di)產生變形效(xiao)果(guo)。現階段，我(wo)們必須重視中(zhong)國(guo)熱處理技術和(he)(he)設備的(de)改(gai)進，不(bu)斷學習國(guo)外先進技術，提(ti)高熱處理工件的(de)質量和(he)(he)合格率，為中(zhong)國(guo)熱處理行業做出(chu)貢獻。