(1)使用(yong)合理的(de)夾緊方法和(he)固定(ding)裝置
目的均(jun)勻加熱和冷(leng)卻(que)工件(jian)(jian)以減少不均(jun)勻的熱應力和不均(jun)勻的組織應力以減少變形。夾緊方(fang)法(fa)可以改變。圓(yuan)盤(pan)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)垂直于油面,軸部(bu)件(jian)(jian)垂直安裝。使用補償墊(dian)圈和支撐墊(dian)圈。 ,花(hua)鍵孔部(bu)件(jian)(jian)可使用滲碳芯軸,疊加墊(dian)圈等。
(2)加工
當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一步時,熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)允許值應(ying)滿足圖紙上指定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)尺寸,變(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)量應(ying)根(gen)據前一加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸確(que)定(ding)(ding)。因此(ci),根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing),應(ying)在熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)前進行(xing)尺寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預校正,以(yi)使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)在合格范圍內。當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)中間過(guo)程(cheng)時,應(ying)將熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量視為加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量和(he)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和(he)。通(tong)常,加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量容易(yi)確(que)定(ding)(ding),并(bing)且由于許多影響(xiang)因素而使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)復雜,因此(ci)留(liu)有足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量用(yong)(yong)于加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)(yong)作熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)容許變(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)量。熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后,根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律,采用(yong)(yong)抗變(bian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)收縮(suo)端(duan)預擴孔,以(yi)提高(gao)淬火(huo)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格率。
(3)使用(yong)適(shi)當的媒體
鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)(zai)確保相同的(de)硬(ying)度(du)要求的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia),嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)。實驗(yan)和實踐證明,在(zai)(zai)沒有其他條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia),油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度(du)較慢,而(er)(er)水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度(du)則相對較快。而(er)(er)且,與油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相比(bi),水溫變化對水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)特性(xing)影響更大。在(zai)(zai)相同的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia),與水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相比(bi),淬火后油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)變形量(liang)相對較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)(gai)善工件的機(ji)械性能,并提(ti)高工件的強度(du)和硬度(du),但不可避免地產生變形效果(guo)。現階段,我們必須重視中國熱(re)處(chu)理(li)技術和設備的改(gai)(gai)進(jin),不斷學習國外先(xian)進(jin)技術,提(ti)高熱(re)處(chu)理(li)工件的質量(liang)和合格率,為(wei)中國熱(re)處(chu)理(li)行業做出貢獻(xian)。