（1）使用(yong)合理的夾緊(jin)方法(fa)和固定裝置

目的(de)均(jun)勻(yun)加熱和(he)冷(leng)卻工件以減少(shao)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)熱應力和(he)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)組織(zhi)應力以減少(shao)變形(xing)。夾緊(jin)方法可以改變。圓盤部(bu)(bu)件垂直于油面，軸部(bu)(bu)件垂直安裝。使用補(bu)償墊圈和(he)支(zhi)撐墊圈。 ，花(hua)鍵孔部(bu)(bu)件可使用滲碳芯軸，疊加墊圈等。

（2）加工

當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)最后(hou)(hou)一步時(shi)，熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)允許值應(ying)(ying)滿足圖紙(zhi)上指(zhi)定(ding)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)尺寸，變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量應(ying)(ying)根據前一加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)尺寸確定(ding)。因此，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應(ying)(ying)在(zai)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)之前進行尺寸的(de)預校正，以使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)合(he)格范(fan)圍內。當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)是中間過(guo)程時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)將熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)前的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量視為加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量和熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)總和。通(tong)常，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量容易(yi)確定(ding)，并(bing)且由于(yu)許多(duo)影響因素而使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)復雜(za)，因此留有足夠的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量用(yong)于(yu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其(qi)余(yu)(yu)的(de)可(ke)以用(yong)作熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)容許變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量。熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)后(hou)(hou)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規律，采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和收縮(suo)端(duan)預擴(kuo)孔，以提高淬火后(hou)(hou)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)格率。

（3）使(shi)用適(shi)當的媒(mei)體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬度(du)要求的(de)前提(ti)下，嘗試使用油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質。實驗(yan)和(he)實踐證(zheng)明，在沒有其他(ta)條件的(de)前提(ti)下，油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)冷卻速(su)(su)度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)慢，而(er)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)冷卻速(su)(su)度(du)則(ze)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)快。而(er)且，與油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，水(shui)溫變(bian)化對(dui)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)冷卻特性(xing)(xing)影響更大(da)。在相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條件下，與水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，淬火(huo)后油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質的(de)變(bian)形量(liang)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改善工件的(de)(de)機械性(xing)能，并提高(gao)工件的(de)(de)強度和硬度，但(dan)不(bu)可(ke)避免(mian)地產生變形效果。現階段，我們必須(xu)重視中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)技(ji)術和設備(bei)的(de)(de)改進，不(bu)斷學習國(guo)外(wai)先進技(ji)術，提高(gao)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工件的(de)(de)質量和合(he)格(ge)率，為中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)行業(ye)做出貢獻。