(1)使用合理的夾緊方法和固定裝置
目的(de)均勻加熱和冷卻工件(jian)以(yi)減(jian)少不(bu)均勻的(de)熱應(ying)力(li)和不(bu)均勻的(de)組織應(ying)力(li)以(yi)減(jian)少變(bian)形(xing)。夾緊方法(fa)可以(yi)改(gai)變(bian)。圓盤部件(jian)垂(chui)直(zhi)于油面,軸部件(jian)垂(chui)直(zhi)安(an)裝。使(shi)用補(bu)償墊圈和支撐(cheng)墊圈。 ,花鍵孔(kong)部件(jian)可使(shi)用滲碳芯軸,疊加墊圈等。
(2)加工
當(dang)(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)是工(gong)(gong)件(jian)加工(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)最后一步時,熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許(xu)值應(ying)滿(man)足(zu)圖(tu)紙上指定的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)寸(cun),變(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)量(liang)應(ying)根據前一加工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺(chi)寸(cun)確定。因(yin)此,根據工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing),應(ying)在(zai)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)之(zhi)前進行尺(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)預校正,以使熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)在(zai)合格范圍(wei)內。當(dang)(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)是中間過程時,應(ying)將熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)前的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)余量(liang)視為加工(gong)(gong)余量(liang)和熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和。通(tong)常,加工(gong)(gong)余量(liang)容(rong)易確定,并(bing)且由于許(xu)多影響因(yin)素而使熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)更加復(fu)雜,因(yin)此留有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)余量(liang)用于加工(gong)(gong),其余的(de)(de)可(ke)以用作熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)容(rong)許(xu)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)后的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)后,根據工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律,采(cai)用抗變(bian)形(xing)(xing)和收縮端預擴孔(kong),以提高(gao)淬(cui)火后的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格率(lv)。
(3)使用適(shi)當的媒(mei)體
鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保(bao)相同的硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)要求的前(qian)提(ti)下(xia),嘗(chang)試使用油性(xing)介質(zhi)。實(shi)驗(yan)和(he)實(shi)踐證明,在(zai)沒有(you)其(qi)他條件(jian)的前(qian)提(ti)下(xia),油性(xing)介質(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)(du)(du)較慢,而水性(xing)介質(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)(du)(du)則相對(dui)較快(kuai)。而且(qie),與油性(xing)介質(zhi)相比,水溫變化(hua)對(dui)水性(xing)介質(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)特(te)性(xing)影響(xiang)更大。在(zai)相同的熱處理條件(jian)下(xia),與水性(xing)介質(zhi)相比,淬火后油性(xing)介質(zhi)的變形量(liang)相對(dui)較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以改善工(gong)件(jian)的(de)機械性(xing)能,并提高工(gong)件(jian)的(de)強(qiang)度(du)和硬度(du),但(dan)不可避免地(di)產(chan)生變(bian)形(xing)效果。現階(jie)段,我們必須(xu)重視中(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理技術(shu)和設備的(de)改進,不斷(duan)學習國外先進技術(shu),提高熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)件(jian)的(de)質量和合格率,為(wei)中(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理行業做出貢獻。