(1)使用(yong)合理的夾緊方法(fa)和(he)固定(ding)裝置
目的均勻加熱(re)和冷(leng)卻工件以減(jian)少(shao)不均勻的熱(re)應力和不均勻的組織應力以減(jian)少(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法(fa)可(ke)以改變(bian)。圓(yuan)盤部(bu)件垂(chui)直(zhi)于油面,軸(zhou)部(bu)件垂(chui)直(zhi)安裝(zhuang)。使(shi)用補(bu)償墊圈和支(zhi)撐墊圈。 ,花鍵孔部(bu)件可(ke)使(shi)用滲碳芯軸(zhou),疊加墊圈等(deng)。
(2)加工
當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)步時,熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)允(yun)許(xu)值應(ying)(ying)滿足圖紙上指定的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺寸,變(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據(ju)前(qian)一(yi)(yi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸確定。因(yin)(yin)此,根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing),應(ying)(ying)在(zai)熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)前(qian)進行尺寸的(de)(de)(de)預校正,以使熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)在(zai)合格(ge)(ge)范圍內。當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)中間(jian)過程時,應(ying)(ying)將熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)和熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)總和。通常(chang),加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)容易確定,并且由于許(xu)多影響因(yin)(yin)素(su)而使熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)復(fu)雜,因(yin)(yin)此留有足夠的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),其余的(de)(de)(de)可以用(yong)作熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou),根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)規律,采(cai)用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)和收縮(suo)端預擴孔,以提高淬火后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)合格(ge)(ge)率。
(3)使用適當(dang)的媒體(ti)
鋼熱處理廠家在確(que)保(bao)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬(ying)度要求的(de)前提(ti)下(xia),嘗(chang)試(shi)使用油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質。實驗和實踐證明,在沒有其他條件的(de)前提(ti)下(xia),油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質的(de)冷卻(que)速度較慢(man),而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質的(de)冷卻(que)速度則(ze)相(xiang)(xiang)對較快。而且,與油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),水(shui)溫變(bian)化對水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質的(de)冷卻(que)特性(xing)(xing)影響更大。在相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理(li)條件下(xia),與水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),淬火(huo)后油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質的(de)變(bian)形量(liang)相(xiang)(xiang)對較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改善工件(jian)的(de)(de)機械性(xing)能,并提高(gao)工件(jian)的(de)(de)強度(du)(du)和(he)硬(ying)度(du)(du),但(dan)不可避免地(di)產生(sheng)變形(xing)效果。現階段,我們必須(xu)重(zhong)視中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)技術和(he)設備的(de)(de)改進(jin),不斷學習國(guo)外先進(jin)技術,提高(gao)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)工件(jian)的(de)(de)質量(liang)和(he)合格(ge)率,為中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)行業做(zuo)出貢獻(xian)。