（1）使(shi)用合理(li)的夾緊(jin)方法和(he)固定裝(zhuang)置

目的(de)均(jun)勻加熱(re)和(he)(he)冷卻工件以減少不(bu)均(jun)勻的(de)熱(re)應(ying)力和(he)(he)不(bu)均(jun)勻的(de)組織應(ying)力以減少變(bian)(bian)形。夾緊方法(fa)可(ke)以改變(bian)(bian)。圓(yuan)盤部(bu)(bu)件垂直于油(you)面，軸(zhou)部(bu)(bu)件垂直安裝(zhuang)。使用(yong)補償(chang)墊圈(quan)和(he)(he)支撐墊圈(quan)。 ，花鍵孔部(bu)(bu)件可(ke)使用(yong)滲碳芯軸(zhou)，疊加墊圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)一步時，熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)允許(xu)值應(ying)(ying)(ying)滿足(zu)圖紙上(shang)指定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)根據前一加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸(cun)確定(ding)。因(yin)此，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)在熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理之(zhi)前進(jin)行尺(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)預校正，以(yi)使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在合(he)格(ge)范圍內(nei)。當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理是(shi)中間過程時，應(ying)(ying)(ying)將熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理前的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)視為(wei)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)和熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)容(rong)易確定(ding)，并且(qie)由于(yu)許(xu)多影(ying)響因(yin)素而(er)使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理更加(jia)復雜，因(yin)此留有(you)足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)于(yu)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)作(zuo)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理容(rong)許(xu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規律，采(cai)用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和收縮端預擴孔，以(yi)提(ti)高淬(cui)火后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)格(ge)率。

（3）使用適當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相同的(de)硬度(du)要(yao)求的(de)前(qian)提下，嘗試(shi)使用(yong)油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在沒有(you)其他條件的(de)前(qian)提下，油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷卻速(su)度(du)較慢(man)，而水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷卻速(su)度(du)則相對較快。而且(qie)，與(yu)油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相比，水溫變化(hua)對水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷卻特性(xing)(xing)(xing)影響更大。在相同的(de)熱(re)處理條件下，與(yu)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相比，淬(cui)火后油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)變形量(liang)相對較小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改善工件的(de)機械性(xing)能，并提高工件的(de)強度(du)和(he)硬度(du)，但不可避免(mian)地(di)產(chan)生變形效(xiao)果(guo)。現階段，我們必須(xu)重視中(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理技術和(he)設備的(de)改進(jin)，不斷學習國外先進(jin)技術，提高熱(re)處(chu)理工件的(de)質量和(he)合(he)格率(lv)，為(wei)中(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理行業(ye)做出(chu)貢獻。