（1）使用(yong)合理的夾緊方法和(he)固(gu)定裝(zhuang)置

目的均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)加熱和冷卻工件(jian)以(yi)減少不均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)的熱應(ying)力和不均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)的組織應(ying)力以(yi)減少變(bian)形(xing)。夾緊方法可(ke)(ke)以(yi)改變(bian)。圓(yuan)盤部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直于油面，軸部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直安裝。使(shi)用補(bu)償(chang)墊(dian)圈和支撐(cheng)墊(dian)圈。 ，花鍵孔部(bu)件(jian)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)用滲碳芯軸，疊加墊(dian)圈等。

（2）加工

當熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的最后一步時，熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的允許(xu)值應滿(man)足圖紙上指定的工(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺寸(cun)(cun)，變(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)量(liang)應根(gen)據(ju)前一加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的尺寸(cun)(cun)確(que)定。因此，根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的變(bian)形(xing)(xing)，應在(zai)(zai)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)前進行尺寸(cun)(cun)的預校正，以使(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)在(zai)(zai)合格范(fan)圍(wei)內。當熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)中(zhong)間過程(cheng)時，應將熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)前的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)視為加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)和熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)的總和。通(tong)常，加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)容易確(que)定，并且由于許(xu)多(duo)影響因素(su)而(er)使(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)復雜，因此留有(you)足夠(gou)的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)用于加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)(yu)(yu)的可以用作熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后的加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)后，根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的變(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律，采用抗變(bian)形(xing)(xing)和收縮端(duan)預擴孔(kong)，以提高(gao)淬火(huo)后的變(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格率。

（3）使用適當的媒(mei)體(ti)

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相同的(de)硬度要求的(de)前提(ti)下，嘗(chang)試使(shi)用油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)驗(yan)和實(shi)踐證明(ming)，在沒有(you)其他條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)前提(ti)下，油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速度較慢(man)，而(er)水性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速度則相對(dui)較快。而(er)且(qie)，與油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相比，水溫變化對(dui)水性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻特性(xing)(xing)影響更(geng)大。在相同的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件(jian)下，與水性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相比，淬火后油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)變形(xing)量相對(dui)較小(xiao)。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改(gai)善工件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)機械性能，并提(ti)高(gao)工件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)強度和(he)硬度，但(dan)不可(ke)避(bi)免地產生變形(xing)效果。現階段(duan)，我(wo)們必須重視中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)技(ji)術和(he)設備的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)進，不斷(duan)學習國(guo)外先進技(ji)術，提(ti)高(gao)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)工件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質量和(he)合格率，為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)理(li)行(xing)業做(zuo)出貢獻。