（1）使用合理的(de)夾緊(jin)方法和(he)固定(ding)裝(zhuang)置

目的均勻(yun)加熱和冷卻工件以減(jian)少(shao)不均勻(yun)的熱應力和不均勻(yun)的組織應力以減(jian)少(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法可以改變(bian)。圓盤(pan)部(bu)件垂(chui)直于(yu)油面，軸部(bu)件垂(chui)直安裝(zhuang)。使(shi)用補(bu)償墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)和支撐墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)。 ，花(hua)鍵孔部(bu)件可使(shi)用滲碳芯軸，疊加墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)等(deng)。

（2）加工

當(dang)熱處(chu)理(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一(yi)步時(shi)，熱處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)允許(xu)(xu)值應滿足(zu)(zu)圖(tu)紙上指(zhi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)應根據(ju)前一(yi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸(cun)確定(ding)。因(yin)(yin)此，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應在熱處(chu)理(li)(li)之前進行(xing)尺(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預校(xiao)正，以(yi)使熱處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在合(he)格范(fan)圍內。當(dang)熱處(chu)理(li)(li)是中間過程時(shi)，應將熱處(chu)理(li)(li)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)和熱處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)容易確定(ding)，并且由于(yu)(yu)許(xu)(xu)多影響因(yin)(yin)素而使熱處(chu)理(li)(li)更加(jia)復雜，因(yin)(yin)此留有足(zu)(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)用(yong)于(yu)(yu)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余的(de)(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)作熱處(chu)理(li)(li)容許(xu)(xu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱處(chu)理(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)律，采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和收(shou)縮端預擴孔，以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)格率。

（3）使用適當的媒體(ti)

鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬(ying)度(du)要(yao)求的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)，嘗試(shi)使用油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在(zai)沒(mei)有其他條(tiao)件的(de)前(qian)提(ti)下(xia)，油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)較(jiao)慢，而水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)快。而且，與油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，水溫變化(hua)對水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻(que)特性(xing)影響更(geng)大(da)。在(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下(xia)，與水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，淬火后油性(xing)介(jie)(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)變形(xing)量相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改善工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)機械性能，并提高工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)強度和(he)硬(ying)度，但(dan)不可避免地產生(sheng)變形(xing)效(xiao)果。現階段，我們必(bi)須重視中國熱(re)(re)處(chu)理技術(shu)和(he)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)改進(jin)，不斷(duan)學習國外(wai)先進(jin)技術(shu)，提高熱(re)(re)處(chu)理工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)質量和(he)合格率，為(wei)中國熱(re)(re)處(chu)理行業做出貢(gong)獻。