（1）使用合理(li)的夾緊(jin)方法(fa)和固定裝置(zhi)

目(mu)的(de)均勻加(jia)(jia)熱和(he)冷卻(que)工件(jian)以(yi)(yi)減少(shao)不均勻的(de)熱應力(li)和(he)不均勻的(de)組織應力(li)以(yi)(yi)減少(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法可以(yi)(yi)改變(bian)。圓盤部(bu)件(jian)垂直于油面，軸部(bu)件(jian)垂直安裝。使(shi)用補(bu)償墊圈和(he)支撐墊圈。 ，花鍵(jian)孔部(bu)件(jian)可使(shi)用滲碳芯軸，疊加(jia)(jia)墊圈等。

（2）加工

當熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)一步(bu)時，熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)允許值應(ying)滿足圖紙(zhi)上指定的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)根據(ju)(ju)前一加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)確定。因此(ci)，根據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應(ying)在(zai)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)之前進行尺(chi)(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預校正，以(yi)(yi)使熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)合格(ge)范圍內(nei)。當熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)是中間(jian)過(guo)程時，應(ying)將熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)和熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)容易確定，并且由于(yu)許多影響因素而使熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)更加(jia)復雜，因此(ci)留有(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)用于(yu)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其(qi)余的(de)(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)(yi)用作熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)容許變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規律，采用抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和收縮端(duan)預擴孔(kong)，以(yi)(yi)提高淬火后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合格(ge)率。

（3）使用(yong)適當的媒體(ti)

鋼熱處理廠家在確保(bao)相(xiang)同的硬度要求(qiu)的前提下，嘗試使用油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)。實驗和實踐證明，在沒(mei)有(you)其他(ta)條件的前提下，油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻速度較(jiao)慢，而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻速度則(ze)相(xiang)對較(jiao)快。而且，與(yu)(yu)油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比(bi)，水(shui)溫(wen)變(bian)化對水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻特性(xing)(xing)影響(xiang)更(geng)大。在相(xiang)同的熱處理條件下，與(yu)(yu)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比(bi)，淬火(huo)后油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的變(bian)形(xing)量相(xiang)對較(jiao)小(xiao)。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改善工(gong)(gong)件的(de)機械性能，并提(ti)高工(gong)(gong)件的(de)強度和硬度，但不(bu)可(ke)避免(mian)地(di)產生變形(xing)效(xiao)果。現階段，我們必須重視中國熱(re)處(chu)理技術和設備的(de)改進(jin)，不(bu)斷學習國外先進(jin)技術，提(ti)高熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)(gong)件的(de)質量(liang)和合格率(lv)，為(wei)中國熱(re)處(chu)理行業做(zuo)出貢(gong)獻。