(1)使用合(he)理(li)的夾緊方法和(he)固定(ding)裝置
目的(de)(de)均勻加熱和(he)(he)(he)冷卻工件以(yi)減少不均勻的(de)(de)熱應力(li)和(he)(he)(he)不均勻的(de)(de)組織應力(li)以(yi)減少變(bian)形。夾(jia)緊方法可以(yi)改變(bian)。圓盤部件垂直于油面,軸部件垂直安裝。使用補償墊圈和(he)(he)(he)支撐墊圈。 ,花鍵孔(kong)部件可使用滲(shen)碳芯軸,疊加墊圈等。
(2)加工
當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)最后(hou)一(yi)步時(shi),熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)允許值應滿(man)足(zu)圖(tu)紙上指定(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)尺寸(cun)(cun),變(bian)形(xing)變(bian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)應根據前一(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺寸(cun)(cun)確(que)(que)定(ding)。因此(ci),根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing),應在(zai)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前進行(xing)尺寸(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)預(yu)校正,以(yi)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)在(zai)合格(ge)范圍內。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是中(zhong)間過程時(shi),應將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)視為(wei)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)總(zong)和(he)。通常,加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)容易確(que)(que)定(ding),并且由于(yu)許多影響因素而使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)復雜,因此(ci)留有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)用(yong)于(yu)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),其余(yu)的(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)作(zuo)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容許變(bian)形(xing)變(bian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou),根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)規律,采用(yong)抗變(bian)形(xing)和(he)收縮(suo)端預(yu)擴孔,以(yi)提高淬火后(hou)的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)合格(ge)率。
(3)使用適當的媒體(ti)
鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保相(xiang)同(tong)的硬(ying)度(du)要求的前提(ti)下(xia),嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)。實驗和(he)實踐證明(ming),在(zai)沒有(you)其(qi)他(ta)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)的前提(ti)下(xia),油(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)較慢,而水(shui)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)則相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)較快。而且,與油(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比,水(shui)溫變化對(dui)(dui)水(shui)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)特性(xing)影(ying)響更(geng)大。在(zai)相(xiang)同(tong)的熱處理條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)下(xia),與水(shui)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比,淬火后油(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的變形(xing)量(liang)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)較小(xiao)。
鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)善工件的(de)(de)機械性能,并(bing)提(ti)高工件的(de)(de)強度和硬度,但不可避免地產(chan)生變形(xing)效果。現階段,我們必須重視中(zhong)(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理技術(shu)和設備的(de)(de)改(gai)進,不斷學(xue)習國外先進技術(shu),提(ti)高熱(re)處(chu)理工件的(de)(de)質量和合格率,為中(zhong)(zhong)國熱(re)處(chu)理行業做出貢(gong)獻。