(1)使用(yong)合理的夾緊方法(fa)和固定(ding)裝置
目的(de)均(jun)勻(yun)加熱(re)和(he)冷卻工(gong)件以(yi)(yi)減少(shao)(shao)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)熱(re)應(ying)力和(he)不(bu)均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)組(zu)織應(ying)力以(yi)(yi)減少(shao)(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法(fa)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)改變(bian)。圓盤部件垂直(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)油面(mian),軸部件垂直(zhi)(zhi)安裝。使(shi)用(yong)補償墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)支撐(cheng)墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)。 ,花鍵(jian)孔部件可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)滲碳芯軸,疊(die)加墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)等。
(2)加工
當(dang)熱處(chu)理是工(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)(de)最后一(yi)步時,熱處(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許值應滿足圖(tu)紙上指定的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸,變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應根(gen)(gen)據前一(yi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸確(que)定。因此,根(gen)(gen)據工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing),應在熱處(chu)理之前進行(xing)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸的(de)(de)預(yu)校(xiao)正(zheng),以使熱處(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在合格(ge)范圍(wei)內。當(dang)熱處(chu)理是中間(jian)過(guo)程時,應將(jiang)熱處(chu)理前的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)視為加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)和(he)熱處(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和(he)。通(tong)常,加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)容(rong)易確(que)定,并且由于許多影(ying)響(xiang)因素而使熱處(chu)理更加(jia)(jia)復雜(za),因此留有足夠的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)用于加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong),其余(yu)的(de)(de)可(ke)以用作熱處(chu)理容(rong)許變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱處(chu)理后的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)后,根(gen)(gen)據工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規(gui)律,采用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)收(shou)縮(suo)端預(yu)擴孔,以提高淬火后的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格(ge)率。
(3)使(shi)用(yong)適當(dang)的媒(mei)體
鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)要求的(de)(de)前提下,嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。實驗和實踐證明,在沒有其(qi)他條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)前提下,油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻速度(du)較慢,而水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻速度(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)對較快。而且(qie),與(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi),水溫變(bian)化對水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻特性(xing)(xing)(xing)影響更大(da)。在相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)熱處理條(tiao)件(jian)下,與(yu)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)(bi),淬火后油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)變(bian)形量相(xiang)(xiang)對較小(xiao)。
鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以(yi)改(gai)善工件的機(ji)械性能(neng),并提(ti)高(gao)工件的強(qiang)度和硬度,但不(bu)可(ke)避(bi)免地產生變形效(xiao)果。現階段,我們必須重視中(zhong)國(guo)熱處理技(ji)(ji)術和設備的改(gai)進,不(bu)斷(duan)學習國(guo)外先進技(ji)(ji)術,提(ti)高(gao)熱處理工件的質量(liang)和合格率(lv),為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)熱處理行業做(zuo)出貢(gong)獻。