（1）使(shi)用(yong)合理的夾緊(jin)方法和固定裝置(zhi)

目的(de)均勻加(jia)熱(re)和冷卻工件以減(jian)少不均勻的(de)熱(re)應力(li)和不均勻的(de)組織應力(li)以減(jian)少變形。夾緊方法可(ke)以改變。圓盤(pan)部(bu)(bu)件垂(chui)直于(yu)油面，軸(zhou)部(bu)(bu)件垂(chui)直安裝。使(shi)用(yong)補(bu)償墊(dian)圈(quan)和支撐(cheng)墊(dian)圈(quan)。 ，花(hua)鍵(jian)孔部(bu)(bu)件可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)滲碳芯軸(zhou)，疊(die)加(jia)墊(dian)圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)(de)最后一步時，熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許(xu)值應(ying)滿足(zu)圖紙上(shang)指定(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)寸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)根(gen)據前一加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確定(ding)。因(yin)此，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，應(ying)在(zai)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前進行尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)預校正，以使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在(zai)合(he)格范圍內。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)中間過(guo)程時，應(ying)將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)視為加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)和熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)容易(yi)確定(ding)，并且由于(yu)許(xu)多影響因(yin)素而使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)雜，因(yin)此留有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)用于(yu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)可以用作熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后，根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律，采(cai)用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和收縮(suo)端預擴(kuo)孔，以提高淬火后的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合(he)格率(lv)。

（3）使用適(shi)當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬度要求的(de)前提下，嘗試使用油性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)。實驗和(he)實踐證(zheng)明，在沒有其他條件的(de)前提下，油性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)速度較(jiao)(jiao)慢，而水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)速度則(ze)相(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)快。而且(qie)，與油性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比(bi)(bi)，水(shui)(shui)溫變化(hua)對水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)特性(xing)(xing)影響更大(da)。在相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條件下，與水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比(bi)(bi)，淬火(huo)后油性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)變形(xing)量(liang)相(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改善工件的(de)機械性能，并提高(gao)工件的(de)強度和(he)硬度，但不(bu)可避免地產生(sheng)變形效果。現階(jie)段，我們(men)必(bi)須重視中(zhong)國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)技術和(he)設備的(de)改進，不(bu)斷學習(xi)國(guo)外先進技術，提高(gao)熱處(chu)理(li)工件的(de)質量和(he)合格率，為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)行業(ye)做出貢獻。