（1）使用合理(li)的(de)夾緊方法和固定裝置(zhi)

目的均(jun)(jun)勻加(jia)熱和(he)冷卻(que)工(gong)件(jian)以減(jian)少不均(jun)(jun)勻的熱應力(li)和(he)不均(jun)(jun)勻的組織應力(li)以減(jian)少變形。夾緊方法可(ke)以改變。圓盤部件(jian)垂(chui)直于(yu)油面(mian)，軸部件(jian)垂(chui)直安裝。使用補償墊(dian)(dian)圈和(he)支撐墊(dian)(dian)圈。 ，花鍵孔(kong)部件(jian)可(ke)使用滲碳芯軸，疊(die)加(jia)墊(dian)(dian)圈等。

（2）加工

當熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)一步時(shi)，熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許值應滿足(zu)圖紙上(shang)指定(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)尺(chi)寸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應根據前(qian)一加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確定(ding)。因(yin)此，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應在(zai)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)之(zhi)前(qian)進行尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)預校正(zheng)，以使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)合格范圍內。當熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)中間過(guo)程時(shi)，應將熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)視為加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)和(he)(he)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和(he)(he)。通(tong)常(chang)，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)容易確定(ding)，并且由于(yu)許多(duo)影響因(yin)素而使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)更(geng)加復雜，因(yin)此留有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)用于(yu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)的(de)(de)可以用作(zuo)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)容許變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規律，采用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)收縮端(duan)預擴孔，以提高淬火后(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合格率(lv)。

（3）使用適當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)硬度要求的(de)(de)前(qian)提下(xia)，嘗試使用油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明(ming)，在(zai)沒有其(qi)他(ta)條件的(de)(de)前(qian)提下(xia)，油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)(su)度較慢，而(er)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)(su)度則(ze)相(xiang)(xiang)對較快。而(er)且(qie)，與(yu)油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)，水溫變化對水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻特性(xing)(xing)(xing)影響更大(da)。在(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)熱(re)處理(li)條件下(xia)，與(yu)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi)，淬火后油性(xing)(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)(de)變形(xing)量相(xiang)(xiang)對較小。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改善工(gong)件的(de)機械性能，并(bing)提(ti)高工(gong)件的(de)強度和(he)硬度，但不可(ke)避免(mian)地(di)產生變(bian)形效果。現階段，我們必須(xu)重(zhong)視中(zhong)國熱(re)處理技術(shu)和(he)設備的(de)改進，不斷學習(xi)國外先進技術(shu)，提(ti)高熱(re)處理工(gong)件的(de)質量和(he)合格率，為中(zhong)國熱(re)處理行(xing)業做出貢獻。