(1)使用合理(li)的夾緊方法和固定裝(zhuang)置(zhi)
目(mu)的(de)均(jun)勻加熱和冷卻工(gong)件(jian)以減少(shao)不均(jun)勻的(de)熱應力(li)和不均(jun)勻的(de)組織應力(li)以減少(shao)變(bian)形(xing)。夾(jia)緊方法可以改變(bian)。圓盤部(bu)(bu)件(jian)垂直于油面,軸部(bu)(bu)件(jian)垂直安裝。使用補償墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)和支撐墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)。 ,花鍵孔(kong)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)可使用滲(shen)碳芯(xin)軸,疊加墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)(quan)等。
(2)加工
當(dang)(dang)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一(yi)步(bu)時,熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)允許(xu)(xu)值應(ying)滿足圖(tu)紙上指定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)寸(cun),變(bian)形變(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)根據前(qian)(qian)一(yi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸(cun)確定(ding)。因此(ci),根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形,應(ying)在熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)之前(qian)(qian)進行尺(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預校(xiao)正,以(yi)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)形在合格范圍內。當(dang)(dang)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)是(shi)中間過程時,應(ying)將(jiang)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)視為加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)和熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)總和。通(tong)常,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)容易確定(ding),并(bing)且由于(yu)許(xu)(xu)多(duo)影響(xiang)因素而使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)更(geng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復雜(za),因此(ci)留有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),其余的(de)(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)(yong)作熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)容許(xu)(xu)變(bian)形變(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后,根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形規律,采用(yong)(yong)抗變(bian)形和收縮(suo)端(duan)預擴孔(kong),以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形合格率(lv)。
(3)使用適(shi)當的媒體(ti)
鋼熱處理廠家在確(que)保相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬度(du)要求(qiu)的(de)前提下(xia),嘗試使用油(you)(you)性介(jie)質。實驗和實踐證(zheng)明,在沒(mei)有其他條(tiao)件的(de)前提下(xia),油(you)(you)性介(jie)質的(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)慢,而(er)水(shui)(shui)性介(jie)質的(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)度(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)快。而(er)且,與油(you)(you)性介(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)比,水(shui)(shui)溫變化對(dui)(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)性介(jie)質的(de)冷(leng)卻特性影(ying)響(xiang)更大。在相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下(xia),與水(shui)(shui)性介(jie)質相(xiang)(xiang)比,淬火(huo)后油(you)(you)性介(jie)質的(de)變形(xing)量(liang)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)善工件(jian)的機械性能,并(bing)提(ti)高工件(jian)的強度和硬度,但不可避免(mian)地產生變形效果。現階段,我們(men)必(bi)須重視(shi)中國(guo)熱處(chu)(chu)理技術(shu)和設備的改(gai)進,不斷學(xue)習國(guo)外先進技術(shu),提(ti)高熱處(chu)(chu)理工件(jian)的質量和合格率,為中國(guo)熱處(chu)(chu)理行業做出貢獻(xian)。