(1)使用合理的夾(jia)緊方法和固定裝置
目的均勻加(jia)熱和冷卻工件(jian)(jian)以(yi)減少(shao)不(bu)均勻的熱應(ying)力和不(bu)均勻的組織應(ying)力以(yi)減少(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法可以(yi)改變(bian)。圓盤(pan)部件(jian)(jian)垂直于油(you)面,軸部件(jian)(jian)垂直安裝。使(shi)用補償墊(dian)圈和支撐墊(dian)圈。 ,花鍵孔部件(jian)(jian)可使(shi)用滲碳芯軸,疊加(jia)墊(dian)圈等。
(2)加工
當熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)是(shi)工件加(jia)工過程(cheng)的(de)(de)最后(hou)一步時,熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許(xu)值應(ying)滿足圖(tu)紙上指定(ding)的(de)(de)工件尺寸(cun)(cun),變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)根(gen)據(ju)前一加(jia)工的(de)(de)尺寸(cun)(cun)確定(ding)。因此(ci),根(gen)據(ju)工件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing),應(ying)在熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)之(zhi)前進行尺寸(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)預校正,以(yi)使(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在合(he)格(ge)范圍(wei)內。當熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)是(shi)中間(jian)過程(cheng)時,應(ying)將(jiang)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)前的(de)(de)加(jia)工余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)視(shi)為加(jia)工余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)和熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和。通常(chang),加(jia)工余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)容(rong)易確定(ding),并(bing)且由(you)于許(xu)多影響因素而使(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)更加(jia)復雜,因此(ci)留(liu)有足夠的(de)(de)加(jia)工余(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)工,其余(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)容(rong)許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)加(jia)工后(hou),根(gen)據(ju)工件的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規律,采用(yong)抗(kang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和收縮端(duan)預擴孔,以(yi)提高淬火后(hou)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)格(ge)率(lv)。
(3)使(shi)用適當的媒(mei)體
鋼熱處理廠家在確保(bao)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)硬度要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下,嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐(jian)證明,在沒有其他條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下,油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)度較慢,而(er)水性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻速(su)度則相(xiang)對較快。而(er)且,與油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比,水溫變化對水性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻特性(xing)影響更大。在相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱處理條件(jian)下,與水性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比,淬火后油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變形量相(xiang)對較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改善工(gong)件(jian)的機械性能,并提高(gao)工(gong)件(jian)的強(qiang)度和(he)(he)硬度,但(dan)不(bu)可避免地產生變形效果。現階段,我們必須(xu)重(zhong)視中國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)理技(ji)術和(he)(he)設備(bei)的改進,不(bu)斷學習國(guo)外(wai)先進技(ji)術,提高(gao)熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)件(jian)的質(zhi)量和(he)(he)合格率,為(wei)中國(guo)熱(re)處(chu)理行業做(zuo)出貢獻。