(1)使用合理的夾(jia)緊方(fang)法(fa)和固定裝置
目的均(jun)(jun)勻加熱和冷(leng)卻工(gong)件以(yi)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻的熱應(ying)(ying)力和不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻的組織應(ying)(ying)力以(yi)減(jian)(jian)少(shao)變形。夾緊方(fang)法可(ke)以(yi)改變。圓盤部件垂直于油面,軸(zhou)部件垂直安裝。使(shi)用(yong)補償(chang)墊圈和支撐墊圈。 ,花(hua)鍵(jian)孔部件可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)滲(shen)碳芯軸(zhou),疊(die)加墊圈等。
(2)加工
當熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)最(zui)后(hou)一步時,熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)允許(xu)(xu)值(zhi)應滿足(zu)圖紙上指(zhi)定(ding)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺寸,變(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)應根據(ju)(ju)前(qian)一加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)尺寸確(que)定(ding)。因(yin)此(ci),根據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing),應在熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)之前(qian)進行尺寸的(de)預校(xiao)正,以(yi)使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)在合(he)格范圍內。當熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)中間過(guo)程(cheng)時,應將熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)視為(wei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)和熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)總(zong)和。通(tong)常,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)容易確(que)定(ding),并且(qie)由于許(xu)(xu)多影響因(yin)素而使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)雜,因(yin)此(ci)留有足(zu)夠的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),其余(yu)(yu)的(de)可以(yi)用(yong)作(zuo)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)容許(xu)(xu)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou),根據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)規律,采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形(xing)和收縮端(duan)預擴(kuo)孔,以(yi)提(ti)高淬火后(hou)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)合(he)格率。
(3)使用適當的媒體
鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬度要(yao)求的(de)前提(ti)下,嘗(chang)試使(shi)用油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)。實驗和實踐證明,在沒有其他條(tiao)件的(de)前提(ti)下,油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速度較慢,而水(shui)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速度則相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較快(kuai)。而且,與(yu)油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),水(shui)溫變化對(dui)水(shui)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻特性影響(xiang)更大。在相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下,與(yu)水(shui)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),淬火后油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)變形量(liang)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改(gai)(gai)善工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)機械性能,并提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)強度和硬度,但(dan)不可避免地產生變形效果。現階段,我們(men)必須重視中國熱處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)技術和設備的(de)(de)改(gai)(gai)進(jin)(jin),不斷學習(xi)國外先進(jin)(jin)技術,提(ti)高(gao)熱處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)質量(liang)和合(he)格率,為中國熱處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)行業(ye)做出貢(gong)獻。