(1)使用(yong)合理的(de)夾緊方法和固定裝(zhuang)置
目的均(jun)勻加熱(re)和(he)冷(leng)卻(que)工件(jian)以(yi)減(jian)少不均(jun)勻的熱(re)應力和(he)不均(jun)勻的組織應力以(yi)減(jian)少變形(xing)。夾緊方法(fa)可(ke)以(yi)改(gai)變。圓盤部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直于油面,軸部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直安(an)裝。使用(yong)補償墊圈(quan)和(he)支撐墊圈(quan)。 ,花鍵(jian)孔部(bu)件(jian)可(ke)使用(yong)滲碳芯軸,疊加墊圈(quan)等。
(2)加工
當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)最后一步時,熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)允許值應滿(man)足(zu)圖紙上指(zhi)定的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺寸,變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)量應根據前一加工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺寸確定。因(yin)此(ci),根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),應在(zai)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前進行尺寸的(de)(de)預校正,以(yi)使(shi)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)合格范圍(wei)內。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是中間過程(cheng)時,應將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量視為加工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量和熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)總和。通常,加工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量容易確定,并且(qie)由于許多(duo)影響因(yin)素而使(shi)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更加復雜,因(yin)此(ci)留有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量用(yong)于加工(gong)(gong)(gong),其(qi)余(yu)的(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容許變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)量。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)后,根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)規律,采用(yong)抗變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和收縮端預擴孔,以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)合格率(lv)。
(3)使用(yong)適(shi)當的(de)媒(mei)體
鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)同的硬(ying)度(du)要求的前(qian)提下(xia),嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)。實驗和實踐證明,在沒有其他(ta)條件(jian)的前(qian)提下(xia),油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)(que)速(su)度(du)較慢,而(er)水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)(que)速(su)度(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)對較快。而(er)且,與油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),水溫變(bian)化對水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)(que)特性(xing)影響更大。在相(xiang)(xiang)同的熱處理條件(jian)下(xia),與水性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),淬火后油(you)性(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的變(bian)形(xing)量相(xiang)(xiang)對較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改(gai)善工件的(de)機械性能,并提(ti)高(gao)工件的(de)強度和硬度,但不可避免地產生變形效果。現(xian)階段,我們必須重視中國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)技術和設備的(de)改(gai)進(jin)(jin),不斷(duan)學習國(guo)外先進(jin)(jin)技術,提(ti)高(gao)熱處(chu)理(li)工件的(de)質量和合格率,為中國(guo)熱處(chu)理(li)行業做(zuo)出(chu)貢獻。