（1）使(shi)用(yong)合理的夾緊(jin)方法和固定裝置

目的均勻加熱(re)和(he)冷卻(que)工件(jian)以減少不均勻的熱(re)應(ying)力和(he)不均勻的組(zu)織應(ying)力以減少變形(xing)。夾緊(jin)方(fang)法可(ke)以改變。圓盤(pan)部件(jian)垂直于油面，軸(zhou)部件(jian)垂直安裝(zhuang)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)補償墊(dian)圈(quan)和(he)支撐墊(dian)圈(quan)。 ，花鍵孔部件(jian)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)滲碳芯軸(zhou)，疊加墊(dian)圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當(dang)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一步(bu)時(shi)，熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)允(yun)許值應滿足圖(tu)紙上指定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)尺寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應根(gen)據(ju)(ju)前(qian)一加(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)確(que)定。因此(ci)，根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應在熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之(zhi)前(qian)進行(xing)尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預校正，以(yi)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在合格范圍內。當(dang)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是中間過程時(shi)，應將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)視(shi)為(wei)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)和熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)容(rong)易確(que)定，并且由于許多影(ying)響(xiang)因素而使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)復(fu)雜(za)，因此(ci)留有(you)足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容(rong)許變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)后，根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)律，采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和收(shou)縮端(duan)預擴孔(kong)，以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合格率。

（3）使用適當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)同的硬度(du)要求(qiu)的前提下，嘗試使用油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在沒(mei)有其他條(tiao)件(jian)的前提下，油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)較慢(man)，而(er)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)速度(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較快。而(er)且，與(yu)油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比，水溫(wen)變(bian)化對(dui)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的冷(leng)卻(que)特性(xing)(xing)(xing)影響更(geng)大。在相(xiang)(xiang)同的熱處理條(tiao)件(jian)下，與(yu)水性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比，淬火(huo)后油(you)(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的變(bian)形量相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較小。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改善工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)機械(xie)性能，并提高工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)(du)和硬度(du)(du)，但不(bu)可(ke)避免地(di)產生變形(xing)效果(guo)。現階段，我們(men)必(bi)須重視中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處理技(ji)術和設備的(de)(de)改進(jin)，不(bu)斷學習國(guo)外先進(jin)技(ji)術，提高熱(re)處理工(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)質量和合(he)格率，為中(zhong)國(guo)熱(re)處理行(xing)業做出(chu)貢獻。