（1）使(shi)用合(he)理的夾(jia)緊(jin)方法和(he)固定裝置

目的均勻(yun)加(jia)熱和(he)冷卻工件(jian)(jian)以減少(shao)不均勻(yun)的熱應力(li)和(he)不均勻(yun)的組織應力(li)以減少(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法(fa)可以改變(bian)。圓盤部件(jian)(jian)垂直于油面，軸部件(jian)(jian)垂直安(an)裝。使用補償墊(dian)圈和(he)支撐墊(dian)圈。 ，花鍵孔部件(jian)(jian)可使用滲碳(tan)芯軸，疊(die)加(jia)墊(dian)圈等。

（2）加工

當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理是工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)一步時(shi)，熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)允許(xu)值(zhi)應(ying)滿(man)足圖(tu)紙上指定的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺寸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量應(ying)根據(ju)前一加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸確定。因(yin)此，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，應(ying)在熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理之前進行(xing)尺寸的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)校(xiao)正，以(yi)使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在合格(ge)范圍內(nei)。當(dang)熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理是中(zhong)間過(guo)(guo)程時(shi)，應(ying)將熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理前的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量和熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量容(rong)易確定，并且由于許(xu)多(duo)影(ying)響因(yin)素而使熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理更加(jia)復雜，因(yin)此留有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量用(yong)于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理容(rong)許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量。熱(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律，采(cai)用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和收(shou)縮(suo)端預(yu)擴(kuo)孔，以(yi)提高淬(cui)火后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格(ge)率。

（3）使用適當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬度要(yao)求的(de)前提(ti)下，嘗試使用(yong)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明(ming)，在(zai)沒有其(qi)他條件的(de)前提(ti)下，油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速度較慢，而(er)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻速度則相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較快。而(er)且，與(yu)(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，水(shui)(shui)溫(wen)變(bian)化對水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)卻特性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)影響更大。在(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條件下，與(yu)(yu)水(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)比，淬火后油(you)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)變(bian)形量(liang)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改(gai)善工(gong)件的機(ji)械性(xing)能，并提高工(gong)件的強度(du)和硬度(du)，但不可避免地產生變形效果。現階段，我(wo)們必須重視中國熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理技術和設備的改(gai)進，不斷(duan)學習國外(wai)先進技術，提高熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理工(gong)件的質(zhi)量和合格(ge)率，為中國熱(re)處(chu)(chu)理行業做出貢獻。