(1)使(shi)用合理的夾(jia)緊(jin)方(fang)法(fa)和固定裝置
目的(de)(de)均勻加(jia)熱和(he)(he)冷卻工件以減(jian)少(shao)不均勻的(de)(de)熱應力(li)和(he)(he)不均勻的(de)(de)組織應力(li)以減(jian)少(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法可以改(gai)變(bian)。圓(yuan)盤部(bu)件垂直于油面,軸部(bu)件垂直安裝。使用補償(chang)墊(dian)圈和(he)(he)支(zhi)撐墊(dian)圈。 ,花鍵孔部(bu)件可使用滲碳(tan)芯軸,疊加(jia)墊(dian)圈等。
(2)加工
當(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后一步時(shi),熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)允(yun)許(xu)值應(ying)(ying)(ying)滿足(zu)圖紙上指(zhi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)件尺(chi)寸(cun),變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)根據(ju)前(qian)(qian)一加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸(cun)確定(ding)。因此,根據(ju)工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing),應(ying)(ying)(ying)在熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)之前(qian)(qian)進行尺(chi)寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)校正(zheng),以(yi)使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在合(he)格(ge)范圍(wei)內。當(dang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)中(zhong)間(jian)過程(cheng)時(shi),應(ying)(ying)(ying)將(jiang)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)視(shi)為(wei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)和(he)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和(he)。通常(chang),加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)容易確定(ding),并且由(you)于許(xu)多影響因素(su)而使熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)雜,因此留有足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)余(yu)量(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong),其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)后,根據(ju)工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律,采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)收縮端(duan)預(yu)擴孔,以(yi)提高淬火(huo)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合(he)格(ge)率(lv)。
(3)使用適當的媒(mei)體
鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)(zai)(zai)確保相(xiang)同的(de)(de)硬度要(yao)求的(de)(de)前提下(xia),嘗試使用(yong)油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)。實驗和實踐(jian)證明,在(zai)(zai)(zai)沒有其他條(tiao)件的(de)(de)前提下(xia),油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速度較慢,而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速度則相(xiang)對較快(kuai)。而且(qie),與(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比,水(shui)溫變化對水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)特性(xing)(xing)影(ying)響更大。在(zai)(zai)(zai)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)熱處(chu)理條(tiao)件下(xia),與(yu)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比,淬火(huo)后油(you)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)變形量相(xiang)對較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改善(shan)工(gong)件的機械性能(neng),并提高工(gong)件的強度(du)和硬(ying)度(du),但不可避(bi)免地產生(sheng)變形(xing)效(xiao)果。現階(jie)段,我們必須(xu)重視中國熱(re)處理(li)技術和設(she)備(bei)的改進(jin),不斷學習國外先(xian)進(jin)技術,提高熱(re)處理(li)工(gong)件的質(zhi)量和合(he)格率,為中國熱(re)處理(li)行業做出(chu)貢(gong)獻。