（1）使用合(he)理的夾緊方法和固定(ding)裝置

目的均勻(yun)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)和冷(leng)卻工件(jian)以減少不(bu)均勻(yun)的熱(re)應(ying)力(li)和不(bu)均勻(yun)的組織應(ying)力(li)以減少變(bian)形。夾緊方(fang)法(fa)可(ke)以改變(bian)。圓盤(pan)部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)于油(you)面(mian)，軸(zhou)(zhou)部(bu)件(jian)垂(chui)直(zhi)(zhi)安裝。使用補(bu)償墊(dian)圈和支撐墊(dian)圈。 ，花鍵(jian)孔部(bu)件(jian)可(ke)使用滲碳芯軸(zhou)(zhou)，疊加(jia)(jia)墊(dian)圈等(deng)。

（2）加工

當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程的(de)(de)最(zui)后(hou)一(yi)步時，熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)允許(xu)值(zhi)應(ying)滿足(zu)圖紙上指定(ding)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺(chi)寸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)根據前一(yi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確定(ding)。因此，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形，應(ying)在熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)之前進行尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)預校正，以(yi)(yi)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形在合(he)格范圍內。當熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)中間過程時，應(ying)將熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)前的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)視為加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)和(he)熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)總和(he)。通常，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)容易確定(ding)，并且由于許(xu)多影響(xiang)因素而(er)使熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)更加(jia)復雜(za)，因此留(liu)有足(zu)夠的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)用(yong)于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)可以(yi)(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)容許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形規律，采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形和(he)收縮端預擴孔，以(yi)(yi)提高淬火(huo)后(hou)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形合(he)格率。

（3）使用適(shi)當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)要求的(de)(de)(de)前提下(xia)(xia)，嘗試使(shi)用油(you)(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)。實驗(yan)和實踐證明，在沒有(you)其他條件的(de)(de)(de)前提下(xia)(xia)，油(you)(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷卻速度(du)較(jiao)慢，而水(shui)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷卻速度(du)則(ze)相(xiang)對較(jiao)快。而且，與(yu)油(you)(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比，水(shui)溫(wen)變(bian)化對水(shui)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷卻特性(xing)影響更大。在相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)熱處理(li)條件下(xia)(xia)，與(yu)水(shui)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比，淬(cui)火后油(you)(you)性(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形量相(xiang)對較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以改善(shan)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的機械性能，并提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的強度和硬度，但不(bu)可避免地產生(sheng)變形效果。現(xian)階段，我(wo)們必須(xu)重視(shi)中國(guo)熱(re)處理技術(shu)和設(she)備的改進，不(bu)斷(duan)學(xue)習國(guo)外先進技術(shu)，提(ti)高(gao)熱(re)處理工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的質(zhi)量和合格率，為(wei)中國(guo)熱(re)處理行業做出(chu)貢(gong)獻(xian)。