(1)使用合理(li)的夾(jia)緊方法和固(gu)定裝置
目(mu)的均(jun)(jun)勻加熱(re)和(he)冷(leng)卻工件(jian)以減少(shao)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻的熱(re)應力(li)和(he)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻的組(zu)織應力(li)以減少(shao)變形。夾緊方法(fa)可以改(gai)變。圓盤部件(jian)垂直于油面,軸(zhou)部件(jian)垂直安裝(zhuang)。使(shi)用補償墊圈和(he)支撐墊圈。 ,花鍵孔部件(jian)可使(shi)用滲碳芯軸(zhou),疊加墊圈等(deng)。
(2)加工
當熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理是(shi)工(gong)(gong)件加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)最(zui)后一步時,熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)允許(xu)值應(ying)滿足圖紙上指定(ding)的(de)工(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸,變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量應(ying)根據(ju)前(qian)一加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸確定(ding)。因此,根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing),應(ying)在熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理之前(qian)進(jin)行尺(chi)(chi)(chi)寸的(de)預(yu)校(xiao)正,以(yi)使(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)在合格范(fan)圍內。當熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理是(shi)中(zhong)間過程(cheng)時,應(ying)將熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理前(qian)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量視(shi)為加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量和熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)的(de)總和。通常,加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量容(rong)易確定(ding),并且由于許(xu)多影響因素而使(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理更加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復雜,因此留有足夠的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量用于加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong),其余(yu)(yu)的(de)可以(yi)用作熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理容(rong)許(xu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量。熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)處(chu)(chu)理后的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)后,根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)件的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)規律,采用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和收縮端預(yu)擴孔,以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)合格率。
(3)使用適(shi)當的媒體
鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保(bao)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下(xia),嘗試使(shi)用油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)。實驗和實踐證明,在(zai)沒有其(qi)他(ta)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下(xia),油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷卻速度(du)較(jiao)慢,而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷卻速度(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)快。而且,與油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),水(shui)溫變化對水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷卻特性(xing)(xing)影響更大(da)。在(zai)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱處理條件下(xia),與水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比(bi),淬火后(hou)油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變形量相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)小。
鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改善工(gong)件的(de)機械性能,并提(ti)高工(gong)件的(de)強度(du)和(he)硬度(du),但不可(ke)避免地產生變形效果(guo)。現階段(duan),我們必須(xu)重視(shi)中(zhong)國熱處理技(ji)術和(he)設(she)備的(de)改進,不斷學習國外(wai)先進技(ji)術,提(ti)高熱處理工(gong)件的(de)質(zhi)量和(he)合(he)格率,為(wei)中(zhong)國熱處理行業(ye)做出貢獻。