(1)使(shi)用合理的夾緊方法和(he)固(gu)定(ding)裝置
目(mu)的(de)均勻(yun)加熱和(he)冷卻工件(jian)以減少(shao)不均勻(yun)的(de)熱應(ying)力和(he)不均勻(yun)的(de)組織應(ying)力以減少(shao)變形。夾緊(jin)方法可(ke)以改變。圓盤部(bu)件(jian)垂直于油面,軸(zhou)部(bu)件(jian)垂直安裝。使用(yong)補(bu)償墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)和(he)支(zhi)撐墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)。 ,花鍵(jian)孔(kong)部(bu)件(jian)可(ke)使用(yong)滲碳芯軸(zhou),疊加墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)等。
(2)加工
當熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)后一(yi)步時,熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)(de)允許值應(ying)(ying)滿足圖紙上(shang)指定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)寸,變(bian)(bian)形變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)(ying)根(gen)據(ju)(ju)前一(yi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確(que)定(ding)。因此,根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形,應(ying)(ying)在熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)之前進行(xing)尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)預校正,以(yi)(yi)使熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形在合格范圍內(nei)。當熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)是(shi)中間過(guo)程時,應(ying)(ying)將熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)前的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)視為加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)和(he)熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)(de)總和(he)。通常(chang),加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)容易(yi)確(que)定(ding),并且由于(yu)許多(duo)影(ying)響(xiang)因素而使熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)更加復雜,因此留有(you)足夠的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)(liang)用(yong)于(yu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),其(qi)余的(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)(yi)用(yong)作熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)容許變(bian)(bian)形變(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后,根(gen)據(ju)(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形規律(lv),采用(yong)抗變(bian)(bian)形和(he)收縮(suo)端預擴孔,以(yi)(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形合格率(lv)。
(3)使用適(shi)當的(de)媒(mei)體
鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確(que)保相同的(de)硬度要求(qiu)的(de)前提(ti)下(xia),嘗(chang)試(shi)使(shi)用油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證(zheng)明(ming),在(zai)沒(mei)有其他(ta)條件的(de)前提(ti)下(xia),油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)速(su)度較慢,而(er)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)速(su)度則(ze)相對較快。而(er)且(qie),與油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)相比(bi),水(shui)溫變化對水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)冷卻(que)特(te)性(xing)(xing)影響(xiang)更(geng)大(da)。在(zai)相同的(de)熱處理(li)條件下(xia),與水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)相比(bi),淬火后(hou)油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)的(de)變形量相對較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以改善工(gong)件(jian)的(de)機械性能,并(bing)提高(gao)工(gong)件(jian)的(de)強度(du)和(he)(he)硬度(du),但不(bu)(bu)可避(bi)免地產(chan)生變(bian)形效果。現階段,我們必(bi)須重(zhong)視中國(guo)熱處(chu)理技(ji)術和(he)(he)設備的(de)改進(jin),不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)學(xue)習國(guo)外先進(jin)技(ji)術,提高(gao)熱處(chu)理工(gong)件(jian)的(de)質(zhi)量和(he)(he)合格率(lv),為(wei)中國(guo)熱處(chu)理行業做出貢獻。