（1）使用合理(li)的夾(jia)緊方(fang)法和固定裝置

目的(de)均勻加熱(re)(re)和(he)(he)冷卻工件以(yi)減(jian)少不均勻的(de)熱(re)(re)應力和(he)(he)不均勻的(de)組織應力以(yi)減(jian)少變(bian)形。夾緊方法可(ke)以(yi)改變(bian)。圓盤(pan)部件垂(chui)直(zhi)于油面，軸部件垂(chui)直(zhi)安(an)裝。使用(yong)補(bu)償墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)和(he)(he)支撐墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)。 ，花鍵孔部件可(ke)使用(yong)滲碳芯軸，疊加墊(dian)圈(quan)(quan)等(deng)。

（2）加工

當熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)一步時，熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)允許值應滿足圖紙上指(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件尺(chi)寸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應根據前一加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸確(que)定。因此，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)，應在(zai)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)之前進行尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)預校(xiao)正(zheng)，以使(shi)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)在(zai)合格(ge)范圍內。當熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)是中間過程(cheng)時，應將熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)前的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)視為加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)和熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)總和。通常，加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)容易確(que)定，并且由于許多影響因素而使(shi)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)更加(jia)(jia)復雜，因此留有足夠的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)用于加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其(qi)余的(de)(de)(de)可以用作熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)容許變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)規律(lv)，采用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)和收縮端預擴孔，以提高(gao)淬(cui)火后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)合格(ge)率。

（3）使(shi)用適(shi)當(dang)的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保(bao)相(xiang)同(tong)的硬度(du)(du)要求的前提(ti)下(xia)，嘗試使用油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證明，在(zai)沒有其他條件的前提(ti)下(xia)，油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷卻速度(du)(du)較(jiao)慢，而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷卻速度(du)(du)則(ze)相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)快。而且，與(yu)油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比，水(shui)溫(wen)變(bian)化對(dui)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的冷卻特性(xing)(xing)影響更(geng)大(da)。在(zai)相(xiang)同(tong)的熱處理條件下(xia)，與(yu)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)比，淬火后油(you)性(xing)(xing)介質(zhi)(zhi)的變(bian)形量相(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)小(xiao)。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改(gai)善工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)性能，并提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)強度(du)(du)和硬度(du)(du)，但不(bu)可(ke)避(bi)免地(di)產生(sheng)變形效果。現階段，我們必(bi)須重視(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)熱處(chu)(chu)理技(ji)(ji)術(shu)和設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)進，不(bu)斷(duan)學習國(guo)(guo)外先進技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)熱處(chu)(chu)理工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質量和合(he)格率(lv)，為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)熱處(chu)(chu)理行業做(zuo)出貢(gong)獻(xian)。