（1）使用(yong)合理的夾緊(jin)方法和固定裝(zhuang)置

目的均勻(yun)加熱和冷(leng)卻工(gong)件(jian)(jian)以(yi)減少(shao)(shao)不均勻(yun)的熱應力和不均勻(yun)的組織(zhi)應力以(yi)減少(shao)(shao)變(bian)形。夾緊方法(fa)可以(yi)改變(bian)。圓盤部件(jian)(jian)垂(chui)(chui)直(zhi)于油面，軸(zhou)部件(jian)(jian)垂(chui)(chui)直(zhi)安裝。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)補償墊(dian)圈(quan)和支(zhi)撐墊(dian)圈(quan)。 ，花(hua)鍵(jian)孔部件(jian)(jian)可使(shi)(shi)用(yong)滲碳(tan)芯(xin)軸(zhou)，疊加墊(dian)圈(quan)等。

（2）加工

當熱處(chu)理是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一步時(shi)，熱處(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)允許值應(ying)滿足圖紙上指定的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺寸，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量應(ying)根據(ju)前一加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸確定。因(yin)此，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，應(ying)在熱處(chu)理之(zhi)前進行尺寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)校正，以(yi)使熱處(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在合格范圍內。當熱處(chu)理是(shi)中間過程(cheng)時(shi)，應(ying)將熱處(chu)理前的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量視(shi)為(wei)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量和(he)熱處(chu)理變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)總和(he)。通常，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量容(rong)易確定，并(bing)且由于許多影響(xiang)因(yin)素而(er)使熱處(chu)理更加復雜，因(yin)此留有(you)足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)(yu)量用于加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)可以(yi)用作熱處(chu)理容(rong)許變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量。熱處(chu)理后的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后，根據(ju)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)規律，采用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)收縮端預(yu)擴孔，以(yi)提高淬火后的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)合格率。

（3）使用適當(dang)的(de)媒(mei)體

鋼熱處理廠家在確保相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)要求的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提下，嘗試使用(yong)油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)。實驗(yan)和實踐證明，在沒有其他條件的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提下，油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速(su)度(du)較(jiao)慢，而水性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)速(su)度(du)則相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)快(kuai)。而且，與油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比，水溫變化對(dui)水性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)特(te)性影響更大。在相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)熱處(chu)理條件下，與水性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)比，淬火后油(you)性介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)變形量相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改(gai)善工(gong)件(jian)的機(ji)械(xie)性能，并提高(gao)工(gong)件(jian)的強度和(he)硬度，但不可避免地(di)產生(sheng)變形效(xiao)果(guo)。現階段，我(wo)們(men)必(bi)須重視中(zhong)國熱處理(li)技術和(he)設備的改(gai)進，不斷(duan)學習國外先進技術，提高(gao)熱處理(li)工(gong)件(jian)的質量和(he)合格率，為中(zhong)國熱處理(li)行業做出貢獻(xian)。