(1)使用合理的夾緊方法和固(gu)定裝置
目的均勻(yun)(yun)加(jia)(jia)熱和冷卻(que)工件以(yi)減少(shao)(shao)不均勻(yun)(yun)的熱應力和不均勻(yun)(yun)的組(zu)織(zhi)應力以(yi)減少(shao)(shao)變形。夾緊方法可以(yi)改變。圓盤(pan)部(bu)件垂直于油面,軸部(bu)件垂直安裝。使用(yong)補償(chang)墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)和支撐墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)。 ,花鍵孔部(bu)件可使用(yong)滲碳芯軸,疊加(jia)(jia)墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)等。
(2)加工
當熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)工(gong)件(jian)加工(gong)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后一步時(shi),熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)允許值應(ying)(ying)滿足圖(tu)紙上指定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)尺寸,變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)應(ying)(ying)根據前(qian)一加工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸確(que)定(ding)。因此(ci),根據工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing),應(ying)(ying)在熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)之前(qian)進行尺寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預校正,以使熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)在合格范圍內。當熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)中間過程(cheng)時(shi),應(ying)(ying)將熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)余量(liang)視為加工(gong)余量(liang)和熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和。通(tong)常,加工(gong)余量(liang)容(rong)易(yi)確(que)定(ding),并且(qie)由于許多影響(xiang)因素(su)而使熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)更加復雜,因此(ci)留有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)余量(liang)用于加工(gong),其余的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)以用作熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)容(rong)許變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)。熱(re)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)后,根據工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)規律(lv),采用抗(kang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)和收(shou)縮端預擴孔,以提(ti)高淬(cui)火后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)合格率。
(3)使(shi)用適當的媒體
鋼熱處理廠家在確(que)保相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)硬度要求的(de)前提下,嘗試(shi)使用油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)。實(shi)驗和實(shi)踐證(zheng)明(ming),在沒有其他(ta)條(tiao)件的(de)前提下,油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度較慢(man),而水(shui)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)速度則相(xiang)對較快。而且,與油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比,水(shui)溫變(bian)化對水(shui)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)特性(xing)影響更大(da)。在相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下,與水(shui)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比,淬(cui)火后油(you)性(xing)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)變(bian)形(xing)量相(xiang)對較小。
鋼熱處理廠家可以(yi)改善(shan)工(gong)件(jian)的機(ji)械性能,并提高工(gong)件(jian)的強度和硬(ying)度,但不(bu)(bu)可避(bi)免地產生變(bian)形效果。現階段,我(wo)們必須重(zhong)視中國(guo)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)技術和設(she)備的改進(jin),不(bu)(bu)斷學習(xi)國(guo)外先進(jin)技術,提高熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)件(jian)的質量(liang)和合格率(lv),為中國(guo)熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)行業做出(chu)貢(gong)獻。