（1）使用合理的夾緊(jin)方法和固定裝置(zhi)

目(mu)的(de)均(jun)勻加(jia)熱和冷(leng)卻工件以減少(shao)不均(jun)勻的(de)熱應力和不均(jun)勻的(de)組織應力以減少(shao)變形。夾緊方法可以改變。圓盤部件垂直(zhi)于油面，軸(zhou)部件垂直(zhi)安裝(zhuang)。使(shi)用補償墊(dian)圈和支(zhi)撐墊(dian)圈。 ，花(hua)鍵(jian)孔部件可使(shi)用滲碳芯軸(zhou)，疊加(jia)墊(dian)圈等(deng)。

（2）加工

當(dang)熱(re)處理(li)(li)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)一步(bu)時，熱(re)處理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)允許值應(ying)滿足圖紙(zhi)上指定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺寸(cun)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)應(ying)根據前(qian)一加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)確定(ding)。因此(ci)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)，應(ying)在熱(re)處理(li)(li)之前(qian)進行尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預校正，以使熱(re)處理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)在合格(ge)范圍內。當(dang)熱(re)處理(li)(li)是中間過(guo)程時，應(ying)將(jiang)熱(re)處理(li)(li)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)視為(wei)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)和(he)熱(re)處理(li)(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總和(he)。通常，加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)容(rong)易(yi)確定(ding)，并且由于許多(duo)影響因素(su)而使熱(re)處理(li)(li)更加(jia)(jia)復雜，因此(ci)留有足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)用于加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，其余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可以用作(zuo)熱(re)處理(li)(li)容(rong)許變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)量(liang)(liang)。熱(re)處理(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)，根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)規(gui)律，采(cai)用抗變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)收縮端(duan)預擴孔，以提(ti)高淬(cui)火后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)合格(ge)率(lv)。

（3）使用適當的媒體

鋼熱處理廠家在(zai)確保相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)硬(ying)度要求(qiu)的(de)(de)前提下，嘗(chang)試使用油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)。實驗和實踐證明，在(zai)沒有(you)其他條(tiao)件的(de)(de)前提下，油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷卻(que)(que)速度較(jiao)慢(man)，而水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷卻(que)(que)速度則相(xiang)對較(jiao)快。而且，與油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比，水(shui)溫變(bian)化對水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)冷卻(que)(que)特性(xing)(xing)影響更大。在(zai)相(xiang)同(tong)的(de)(de)熱處理條(tiao)件下，與水(shui)性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)相(xiang)比，淬火后(hou)油性(xing)(xing)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)變(bian)形量相(xiang)對較(jiao)小。

鋼熱處理廠家可(ke)以改善工(gong)件的機(ji)械(xie)性(xing)能(neng)，并(bing)提(ti)高工(gong)件的強(qiang)度(du)和硬度(du)，但(dan)不(bu)可(ke)避免地產生變形效果。現(xian)階段，我們(men)必須重(zhong)視中國(guo)熱處(chu)理技(ji)術和設(she)備(bei)的改進，不(bu)斷學習國(guo)外先進技(ji)術，提(ti)高熱處(chu)理工(gong)件的質量和合格率，為中國(guo)熱處(chu)理行業做出貢獻。